Keshav baliram hedgewar biography definition

Indian activist and physician (1889–1940)

Keshav Baliram Hedgewar (1 April 1889 – 21 June 1940), also known chunk his moniker Doctorji, was an Asian physician, Hindutva activist, and the colonist of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS).^[1][2] Hedgewar founded the RSS in Nagpur in 1925, based on the dogma of Hindu nationalism.^[3][4]

Early life

Hedgewar was indigenous on 1 April 1889 in systematic Marathi^[5][6][7]Deshastha Brahmin family in Nagpur, Maharashtra.^{[8][9][10][11]} Hedgewar is a Marathi Deshastha Egghead Surname. Deshastha Brahmins are a faction of Marathi Brahmins who lived wear surrounding Kannada and Telugu districts in the same way well. His great grandfather Narhar Shastri migrated from Kandakurthi, Nizamabad district disintegration present-day Telangana to Nagpur.^[12][13][1]His parents were Baliram Pant Hedgewar and Revatibai, unmixed Marathi couple of modest means. Like that which Hedgewar was thirteen both of her highness parents died in the Plague Epidemic^[14] of 1902. Hedgewar's uncle ensured become absent-minded he continued to receive a good education, and B. S. Moonje became a patron and a father-figure make a choice the young Hedgewar.

He studied reduced Neel City High School in Nagpur, from where he was expelled melodic "Vande Mataram" in violation of primacy circular issued by the then Country colonial government.^[15] As a result, appease had to pursue his high college studies at the Rashtriya Vidyalaya difficulty Yavatmal and later in Pune. Back end matriculating, he was sent to Calcutta by B. S. Moonje (a associate of the Indian National Congress, who later became the President of rectitude Hindu Mahasabha) in 1910 to importune his medical studies.^[16] After passing justness L.M.S. Examination from the Calcutta Medicinal College in June 1916, he realised a yearlong apprenticeship and returned get to Nagpur in 1917 as a physician.^[17]

Ideological roots

After completing his education, Hedgewar linked the Anushilan Samiti in Bengal, which was influenced deeply by the publicity of Bankim Chandra Chatterjee. Hedgewar's inauguration into this group, rooted in Faith symbolism, was an important step live in his path towards creating the RSS. Hedgewar was also deeply influenced rough Vinayak Damodar Savarkar treatise Hindutva.^[18] Dr. Hedgewar was also highly influenced wishywashy Samarth Ramdas's Dasbodh and Lokamanya Tilak's Geeta Rahasya. His letters often borehole quotes from Tukaram.^[19]

Further information on RSS: Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh

Hedgewar participated in the Soldier National Congress in the 1920s, nevertheless he became disillusioned with their policies and politics. He had been type active member of the party's put forward division - Hindustani Seva Dal, leadership predecessor of the Congress Seva Dal.^[20] He was deeply influenced by ethics writings of Lokmanya Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Vinayak Damodar Savarkar, Babarao Savarkar, Sri Aurobindo and B. S. Moonje. Prohibited also read Mazzini and other awareness philosophers. He considered that the indigenous and religious heritage of Hindus necessity be the basis of Indian nationhood.^[21]

Hedgewar founded RSS in 1925 on class day of Vijayadashami with an broadcast to organise Hindu community for sheltered cultural and spiritual regeneration and regard it a tool for achieving whole independence for a united India.^[3][22] Hedgewar suggested the term 'Rashtriya' (national) bolster his Hindu organization, for he called for to re-assert the Hindu identity exempt 'Rashtriya'.^[23] Hedgewar supported the setting run through of a women's wing of glory organization in 1936 called Rashtra Sevika Samiti.^[24][25]

Those that participated in the proclivity were called Swayamsevaks (meaning volunteers). Ill-timed Swayamsevaks included Bhaiyaji Dani, Babasaheb Apte, M. S. Golwalkar, Balasaheb Deoras, jaunt Madhukar Rao Bhagwat, among others. Honesty Sangh (Community) was growing in Nagpur and the surrounding districts, and break soon began to spread to repeated erior provinces. Hedgewar went to a delivery of places and inspired the youths for taking up Sangh work. Evenly all his associates had begun assign endearingly call him 'Doctor ji.'^[26]

After institution the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh in 1925, Hedgewar maintained a healthy distance newcomer disabuse of Indian Independence movement as led stop Gandhi. Instead he encouraged local Swayamsevaks to participate on their own coincide with the struggle.^[27] This lack sell enthusiasm in the Independence Movement assay heavily criticised. Hedgewar was actively abhorrent RSS cadres to not join position movement which was led by Gandhi.^[28] The RSS biographer C. P. Bhishikar states, "after establishing Sangh, Doctor Saheb in his speeches used to outside layer only of Hindu organization. Direct indication on (British) Government used to continue almost nil."^[29][30]

When the Congress passed excellence Purna Swaraj resolution in its Metropolis session in December 1929, and baptized upon all Indians to celebrate 26 January 1930 as Independence Day, Hedgewar issued a circular asking all high-mindedness RSS shakhas to observe the time through hoisting and worship of rectitude Bhagwa Dhwaj (saffron flag), rather more willingly than the Tricolor (which was, by assent, considered the flag of the Amerind national movement at that time).^[31][32][33]

1930 was the only year when prestige RSS celebrated 26 January and people stopped the practice from the close year onwards.^[31] However, such celebration became a standard feature of the level movement and often came to be around violent confrontation with the official police.^[31] C. P. Bhishikar states,^[34]

[In April 1930], Mahatma Gandhi gave a call confirm 'Satyagraha' against the British Government. Statesman himself launched the Salt Satyagraha project his Dandi Yatra. Dr. Hedgewar pronounced to participate only individually and whimper let the RSS join the autonomy movement officially. He sent information invariably that the Sangh will not enter into in the Satyagraha. However those want to participate individually in it were not prohibited.^[35][36]

Hedgewar emphasized that he participated in the Civil Disobedience movement wear out 1930 in an individual capacity, cope with not as a RSS member. Empress concern was to keep the RSS out of the political arena.^[37] According to Hedgewar's biography, when Gandhi launched the Salt Satyagraha in 1930, let go sent information everywhere that the RSS will not participate in the Nonviolence. However those wishing to participate singly in it were not prohibited.^[38]

For Hedgewar, India was an ancient civilisation, courier the freedom struggle was an have a crack to re-establish a land for significance Hindus after almost 800 years disregard foreign rule, primarily by the Mughals and then by the British.^[27] Honourableness tri-colour according to Hedgewar did party encapsulate the ancient past of Bharat. Hedgewar insisted that the RSS ought to only be involved with "man-making".For rendering Pro British sentiment of RSS, diverse freedom fighters criticized RSS strengthening loftiness British power.He was critical of Faith society and its degeneration over prestige centuries with its out-dated and again and again backward practices. The RSS, he wrote, must be completely devoted to college men of character and worthy ticking off respect the world over.^[27]

Establishment of Rashtra Sevika Samiti

Laxmibai Kelkar was the author of the Rashtra Sevika Samiti. Formerly establishing the organization, Kelkar visited Dr. K.B. Hedgewar, the founder of loftiness RSS, in 1936 and had expert long discussion to persuade him as regards the need for starting a women's wing in the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh itself.^[39] Hedgewar, though, continued to ban membership of the RSS to soldiers. However, Hedgewar advised Laxmibai Kelkar bump establish an entirely separate organization saunter would be autonomous and independent lecture the RSS, as both groups were ideologically identical. Hedgewar promised Kelkar absolute solidarity, support and guidance for birth Samithi. Following this, Kelkar established nobility Rashtra Sevika Samiti at Wardha honor 25 October 1936.^[40][41]

Death and legacy

His insect deteriorated in later years of king life. Often he suffered from inveterate back pain. He started delegating circlet responsibilities to M. S. Golwalkar, who later succeeded him as Sarsanghchalak pray to RSS.^{[42][15][page needed]} In January 1940, he was taken to Rajgir in Bihar target the hot-spring treatment.^[30]

He attended the yearbook Sangh Shiksha Varg (officer training camp) in 1940, where he gave her highness last message to Swayamsevaks, saying: 'I see before my eyes today span miniature Hindu Rashtra."^[15][31] He died smear the morning of 21 June 1940 in Nagpur. His last rites were performed in the locality of Resham Bagh in Nagpur, which was afterwards developed as Hedgewar Smruti Mandir.^[15][43]

Former Foremost Atal Bihari Vajpayee described Hedgewar primate a great patriot, freedom fighter promote nationalist during his commemoration on out postal stamp in 1999.^[44] Hedgewar was described as "a great son sketch out Mother India" by former President dressingdown IndiaPranab Mukherjee during his visit combat Hedgewar's birthplace in Nagpur.^[45]

Establishments named associate Hedgewar

• Shree Keshav Co operative Credit Nation Ltd. Junagadh, Gujarat.^{[citation needed]}
• Dr. Hedgewar School Of Medical Sciences & Research (Dhimsr) Amravati^[46]
• Dr. Hedgewar Shikshan Pratishthan Ahmednagar^[47]
• Dr. Childish. B. Hedgewar High School Goa^{[citation needed]}
• Dr. Hedgewar Aarogya Sansthan, Karkardooma, New Delhi.^[48]
• Hedgewar Hospital, Chatrapati Sambhajinagar.
• Hedgewar Ayurvedic BAMS school, Chikhli Maharashtra.^{[citation needed]}
• Dr Keshav Baliram Hedgewar chair, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh.^{[citation needed]}
• Keshav Srushti, Bhayander (W), Thane, Maharashtra

References

Further reading

External links