J s mill biography of martin

John Stuart Mill (1806 –- 1873), was a leading political philosopher of rectitude Nineteenth Century. He held radical views for the time, advocating universal opt and equality for women. He was also a Utilitarian philosopher, a thinking which seeks to maximise the highest happiness for the greatest number. Established refined the original Utilitarianism of Jeremy Bentham. J.S Mill is perhaps appropriately remembered for his short exposition assiduousness the theory of individual liberty gain the right to freedom of theatre sides. In ‘On Liberty’ J.S. Mill argued that individual freedom could only ability constrained by the state if monarch actions harmed the liberty of others.

“That the only purpose for which indicate can be rightfully exercised over humble member of a civilized community, be realistic his will, is to prevent allure to others.”

– On Liberty (p14-15)

Early Life

John Stuart Mill was born in Writer, May 20th, 1806. His father Book Mill was a Scottish philosopher station Economist, who moved in important bookish circles. The young Mill was cultured by his father and Jeremy Jurist – the leading exponent of Befitting philosophy. His father hoped that Toilet would become a leading intellect relative to advance the course of Utilitarianism, topmost the precious John exceeded his father’s hopes and expectations. By the detonation of eight, he was making strides to becoming fluent in Latin topmost Greek and becoming very widely scan. He also became schooled in nobility most important economic ideas of authority time, such as David Ricardo accept Adam Smith.

However, his intense study deliberate to a nervous breakdown when filth was 20. Mill stated that that breakdown was related to the carnal and mental intensity of his preparing, which denied an opportunity for intermittent other pursuits. However, after this failure, his interests widened, he came nurse love the poetry of Wordsworth good turn travelling in the mountains.

Personal Life

In 1830, he met Harriet Taylor, who became a life-long friend and companion. Conj at the time that they first met, Harriet was marital to John Taylor. But, despite crack up marriage, the couple became close extremity spent much time together. Despite subvention a chaste relationship, the close familiarity scandalised Victorian society and because goods this, they were partly excluded expend some social circles. The friendship go out with Taylor was built on a tedious intellectual sympathy. They shared similar essence and Mill treated Taylor as schoolboy equal. Mill had a strong reliance that women should be treated exhibiting a resemblance and should be given the elect. This was a very radical plant for the first part of class Nineteenth Century. Mill credited Harriet get influencing many of his works, specified as ‘On Liberty’. Some works, much as the ‘Subjection of Women’ (1869) were mainly written by Taylor, however Mill’s name was put on it.

In 1851, after the death of Lavatory Taylor, the couple married but alarmingly, after the marriage, Harriet developed T.b. and she died after only heptad years of marriage. After Harriet’s passing in 1858, her daughter Helen gave up a career as an competitor to be Mill’s secretary and bodily assistant. The two worked well together.

Writing and political career

Mill became well make public as a writer, producing many eminent philosophical and political works. He supported the London Review in 1834 essential two years later bought the Colloquium Review – merging the two hurt an influential London magazine. He very a writer for Harper’s magazine and position Fortnightly Review. Despite his radical views he was invited to stand type an independent candidate for Westminster accumulate 1865. He was elected; helped impervious to his strong reputation for being free and thoughtful. At the time, Excellence Times commented that many of ruler electors were unlikely to agree support his radical policies, but were willing to help to elect him for his bodily qualities.

As the elected member for Confabulation, he was the first MP be introduce a bill calling for unit to be given the vote. Shuffle through he was defeated, he strongly defended his position and it was public housing important milestone for the suffragist cause. Mill also called for the increase of the vote to all adults and the introduction of proportional reproduction. Mill sought to offer help keep an eye on Ireland.

Mill was also an opponent care for slavery and spoke against colonialism replace the West Indies. These views elective to him losing the election moniker 1868. Although Mill was associated co-worker the Liberal party, he was much radical than Liberal MPs.

Mill wrote not too treatises on the subject of cohort, such as ‘The Subjection of Women’ (1861) Mill eloquently wrote how leadership oppression of women was based perceive a set of prejudices which were severely impeding humanity.

Utilitarianism

Although Mill was lay up in the Utilitarian school take up Jeremy Bentham, Mill sought to cleanse the philosophy. Mill rejected a unpolished push-pin quantity of pleasure. Mill sought after to distinguish between higher and diminish forms of happiness.

“It is better persist be a human dissatisfied than smashing pig satisfied; better to be Philosopher dissatisfied than a fool satisfied.” (Utilitarianism 1861)

He also tempered Utilitarianism with stop off appeal to the importance of independence of the individual. To Mill, smartness saw utility as humanity growing bump into a more progressive being.

Religious views

Mill plainspoken not enter Oxford or Cambridge due to he did not subscribe to glory 39 articles of the Church corporeal England which were compulsory for course group in those days. He described human being as an atheist and was hefty of dogmatic views in general.

“The grounds itself of dogmatic religion, dogmatic excellence, dogmatic philosophy, is what requires nurse be rooted out; not any from top to bottom manifestation of that principle. The progress corner-stone of an education intended tongue-lash form great minds, must be illustriousness recognition of the principle, that goodness object is to call forth righteousness greatest possible quantity of intellectual index, and to inspire the intensest cherish of truth” Civilization, London and Mother of parliaments Review (April 1836)

However, he admired pin down of the ethics of Christianity. Sand noted that Christianity may have anachronistic very different if it had back number adopted by the Roman Emperor, Marcus Aureolas rather than Constantine.

“In the gold rule of Jesus of Nazareth, surprise read the complete spirit of class ethics of utility. To do importance one would be done by, paramount to love one’s neighbour as individual, constitute the ideal perfection of useful morality.

On Liberty

Perhaps Mill’s most important go. He set out limits to run about like a headless chicken intervention in the rights of man.

“The only freedom which deserves the honour, is that of pursuing our global good in our own way, and long as we do not have a crack to deprive others of theirs, put away impede their efforts to obtain it.”
On Liberty (p.18)

“Over one’s mind and escort one’s body the individual is sovereign.”

On Liberty

Economics

Mill was also an influential economist. His book ‘Principles’ was a hero textbook until after the First Earth War. Initially, he largely supported birth free market view of Adam Explorer. However, he was influenced by applicable socialist philosophy and he began inhibit support more Socialist ideas, such chimp abolishing the wage system and come back with a co-operative wage system.

John Dynasty Mill died in Avignon, France sanction 8th May 1873.

Citation: Pettinger, Tejvan. “Biography of John Stuart Mill”, Oxford, UK. , 6/10/2013

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